Area Types
Selected Area: Norfolk
Selected Area Type: County
Descriptions and boundary maps for geography levels within Norfolk. Please select an area of interest from the list below:
Adult Social Services Localities
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Adult Social Services is divided into five areas known as Localities - Eastern, Northern, Southern, Norwich and Western. Localities generally follow lower tier authority boundaries, although there are some exceptions. This structure helps to ensure that services are developed and delivered to locally meet the needs of individuals and communities. Northern Locality covers North Norfolk and Broadland District Councils.
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Children Centres
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Children's Centres provide a range of services for children under five and their families. Children's Centres in the most disadvantaged areas provide early learning and childcare, family support, health services, support into employment and other specialist services. Children's Centres need to become as much a part of the landscape as schools; making their unique contribution to narrowing the gap and improving outcomes for children. There are already 36 centres in the most disadvantaged areas and by the end of March 2010 there will be a network of 52 Sure Start Children's Centres providing coverage across the whole of Norfolk.
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Children Service Areas
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In 2004 Norfolk County Council's Education and children's Social Care services were joined together to form Children's Services. The department works to five Areas, each comprising two or three Localities (giving 13 in total) which, in turn, are built up from school cluster groups. Planning and service structures are generally being developed at Locality level to facilitate service integration.
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District Councils
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Norfolk has a two-tier local government structure, with the County Council and seven local authority District Councils. District councils are responsible for housing, most planning applications, leisure and recreation, waste disposal and environmental health.
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Electoral Divisions
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County Electoral Divisions (CEDs) are confined within district boundaries and are defined by the Boundary Committee for England (BCFE). There are 84 CEDs situated in Norfolk, and each returns one County Councillor.
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Norwich Built Up Area and Norwich Policy Area
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The Norwich Built-up Area (BUA) consists of Norwich and nine adjoining parishes, six in Broadland and three in South Norfolk. Norwich Policy Area includes the BUA and a further ten parishes in Broadland and 29 in South Norfolk. The population of the Norwich BUA was around 207,000 in mid-2007 and that of the Policy Area was around 273,800. There are area-specific policies for the Norwich Policy Area included in the Regional Spatial Strategy.
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Output Areas
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Output Areas (OAs) are the smallest areas for which Census results are published, each containing around 125 households . Output Areas do not cross Census Ward boundaries. There are 2,846 OAs situated in Norfolk.
In England and Wales 2001 Census OAs are based on postcodes as at Census Day and fit within the boundaries of 2003 statistical wards (and parishes). If a postcode straddled an electoral ward/division (or parish) boundary, it was therefore split between two or more OAs. The minimum OA size is 40 resident households and 100 resident persons but the recommended size was rather larger at 125 households. These size thresholds meant that unusually small wards and parishes were incorporated into larger OAs. In total there are 165,665 OAs in England.
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Parishes
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Civil parishes cover all of Norfolk with the exception of three unparished areas (Norwich City and the towns of Great Yarmouth and King’s Lynn). There are 541 parishes in Norfolk, including the parish of Walcott, formerly part of Happisburgh, which came into effect on 1 April 2008. Parishes are the lowest tier of local government and parish councils, where they exist, have various areas of responsibility.
Out of a total county population of around 850,800 in mid-2008, around three-quarters live in parishes. Parishes vary considerably in population size, from Thetford (almost 24,000) to very small parishes such as Narford and Stanford (both around 10). Around 12,000 people live in parishes of fewer than 200 population. Though population statistics are provided for very small parishes, they are generally not exact counts and may not be meaningful statistically.
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Parliamentary Constituencies
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Parliamentary Constituencies are the areas used to elect Members of the House of Commons. At the May 2005 general election there were 646 constituencies, of which 529 were in England. Constituency boundaries are determined by the Boundary Commissions. A general review of boundaries in England was completed in 2007. It will lead to major change in England and Wales at the date of the next General Election, with the majority of constituency boundaries used at the May 2005 General Election set to change.
Norfolk is divided into eight parliamentary constituencies, and the boundaries have been reconfigured to give nine constituencies to be implemented at the next General Election.
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Postcodes
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The postal codes used in the UK are known as postcodes and are maintained by the Royal Mail. A full postcode is known as a postcode unit and usually corresponds to a limited number of addresses or a single large delivery point. Postcode data are stored, maintained and periodically updated in the Postcode Address File database, along with the full address data for around 27.5 million delivery points. There are over 28,000 postcodes covering Norfolk.
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Primary Care Organisations and Trusts
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On 1 October 2006 the number of Primary Care Organisations (PCOs) in England reduced from 303 to 152. The PCOs are made up of 148 Primary Care Trusts and 4 Care Trusts. The majority of the new PCOs are defined in terms of local authority districts. Of the 152 PCOs: 130 comprise one or more whole local authority districts; 16 comprise one or more whole local authority districts plus whole wards; three comprise only whole wards within a single local authority district; two comprise one or morewhole local authority districts plus whole wards; three comprise only whole wards within a single local authority district; two comprise one or more whole local authority districts and part wards (ie. whole parishes); and one comprises whole and part wards (ie. whole parishes) within a single local authority district. PCOs report to the Strategic Heath Authorities (SHAs).
The two PCTS covering Norfolk are NHS Great Yarmouth and Waveney (aligned with Great Yarmouth Borough Council and Waveney District Council) and NHS Norfolk, which covers the remainder of the County.
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Safer Neighbourhoods Teams
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Safer Neighbourhoods Teams (SNTs) provide communities with a dedicated team of officers who are visible, accessible and known to local people. They work closely with partner agencies (statutory and voluntary) and the local community to tackle the crime and disorder concerns and issues identified within the neighbourhood. There are 52 SNTs situated within Norfolk.
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SOAs Lower Layer
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Lower layer Super Output Areas (LSOAs) are formed from groupings of Output Areas (OAs). There are 32,482 LSOAs in England, with a minimum size of 1,000 residents. There are 530 LSOAs situated in Norfolk.
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SOAs Middle Layer
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Middle layer Super Output Areas (MSOAs) are formed from groupings of Lower layer Super Output Areas (LSOAs). There are 6,780 MSOAs in England, with a minimum size of 5,000 residents. There are 109 MSOAs situated in Norfolk.
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Travel to Work Areas
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Travel to Work Areas (TTWAs) are a representation of self-contained labour market areas: The current areas (produced in 2007) were defined using 2001 Census journey to work statistics; the fundamental criterion is that, of the resident economically active population, at least 75 per cent actually work in the area, and also, that of everyone working in the area, at least 75 per cent actually live in the area. The 243 current TTWAs were defined in 2007 using 2001 Census information on homeand work addresses, and are based on Lower Layer Super Output areas in England and Wales, data zones in Scotland, and Super Output Areas in Northern Ireland.
TTWA boundaries do not necessarily follow local authority boundaries. In the case of Norfolk there are three TTWAs wholly within the County (Cromer & Sheringham, Great Yarmouth, King’s Lynn & Fakenham) and four partly within an adjoining county (Norwich, Lowestoft & Beccles, Thetford & Mildenhall, Wisbech).
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Wards
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Wards are the base unit of UK administrative geography, being the areas for which local authority councillors are elected. The areas for which county (as opposed to district) councillors are elected are usually referred to as County Electoral Divisions. There are 7,976 wards in England, of which 205 are situated in Norfolk. They fit within local authority boundaries.
The terms ‘Standard Table’ wards and ‘Census Area Statistics’ wards may also be encountered and these refer to areas for which 2001 Census statistical outputs are available. For any given year, ‘Statistical wards’ in some local authorities were different to the statutory electoral wards because of the varying time lags between promulgation and operation dates of boundary changes, but changes were introduced in 2006 and the term statistical wards is no longer in use.
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